nLab D1-D5 brane bound state

Idea

The bound state of D1-branes with D5-branes. A special case of Dp-D(p+4)-brane bound states.

Plays a central role in the discussion of black holes in string theory.

Related concepts

• black hole entropy

• black holes in string theory

brane intersections/bound states/wrapped branes/polarized branes

• D-branes and anti D-branes form bound states by tachyon condensation, thought to imply the classification of D-brane charge by K-theory

• intersecting D-branes/fuzzy funnels:

  • Dp-D(p+2)-brane bound state and Yang-Mills monopoles

    • D0-D2 brane bound state

    • D1-D3 brane bound state

    • D2-D4 brane bound state

    • D3-D5 brane bound state

    • D4-D6 brane bound state

    • D6-D8-brane bound state

  • Dp-D(p+4)-brane bound state and Yang-Mills instantons

    • D0-D4 brane bound state

    • D1-D5 brane bound state

    • D2-D6 brane bound state

    • D3-D7 brane bound state

    • D4-D8 brane bound state

    • D5-D9 brane bound state

      small instanton

• Dp-D(p+6) brane bound state

  • D0-D6 brane bound state

  • D1-D7 brane bound state

  • D2-D8 brane bound state

• NS5-D4-D2 bound states

• Hanany-Witten effect

S-duality$\,$bound states:

• (p,q)-string

• (p,q)5-branes

• string network

• 5-brane web

intersecting$\,$M-branes:

• M5-MO9 brane bound state

• M2-M5 brane bound state

  • M-string, E-string

• membrane triple junction

References

Review:

• Lukas Hahn, Is String Theory Holographic? (pdf)

Via superstrata

On AdS-CFT dual type II supergravity-solutions corresponding to D1-D5-P bound states (“superstrata”):

• Iosif Bena, Stefano Giusto, Rodolfo Russo, Masaki Shigemori, Nicholas P. Warner, Habemus Superstratum! A constructive proof of the existence of superstrata, JHEP 1505 (2015) 110 [arXiv:1503.01463]

• Masaki Shigemori, Superstrata, Gen Relativ Gravit 52 51 (2020) [h)arXiv:2002.01592, doi:10.1007/s10714-020-02698-8]

• Daniel R. Mayerson, Masaki Shigemori, Counting D1-D5-P Microstates in Supergravity [arXiv:2010.04172]

• Emil Martinec, The branes behind black holes, talk at Strings 2022 [indico:4940814]

• Nejc Čeplak, Shaun D. Hampton, Vector Superstrata: Part Two [arXiv:2405.05341]

And the non-supersymmetric generalization to “microstrata”, via AdS3-CFT2 duality:

• Bogdan Ganchev, Anthony Houppe, Nicholas P. Warner, Q-Balls Meet Fuzzballs: Non-BPS Microstate Geometries, J. High Energ. Phys. 2021 28 (2021)

  [arXiv:2107.09677]

• Bogdan Ganchev, Stefano Giusto, Anthony Houppe, Rodolfo Russo, $AdS_3$ holography for non-BPS geometries, European Physical Journal C 82 217 (2022)

  [https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.03287, doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10133-2]

• Bogdan Ganchev, Stefano Giusto, Anthony Houppe, Rodolfo Russo, Nicholas P. Warner, Microstrata [arXiv:2307.13021]

As instantons

As Yang-Mills instantons/Yang-Mills monopoles

• Neil Lambert, D-brane Bound States and the Generalised ADHM Construction, Nucl. Phys. B519 (1998) 214-224 (arXiv:hep-th/9707156)

• Emil Martinec, Manifestations of the D1-D5 system, 1999 (pdf)

As fuzzy funnels

As fuzzy funnels on fuzzy 4-spheres:

• Neil Constable, Robert Myers, Oyvind Tafjord, Non-abelian Brane Intersections, JHEP 0106:023, 2001 (arXiv:hep-th/0102080)

• Rajsekhar Bhattacharyya, Robert de Mello Koch, Fluctuating Fuzzy Funnels, JHEP 0510 (2005) 036 (arXiv:hep-th/0508131)

KK-reduction to JT gravity

Realization of JT-gravity as Kaluza-Klein reduction of D=6 supergravity on the worldvolume of D1-D5 brane bound states or M2-M5 brane bound states:

• Yue-Zhou Li, Shou-Long Li, H. Lu, Exact Embeddings of JT Gravity in Strings and M-theory, Eur. Phys. J. C (2018) 78: 791 (arXiv:1804.09742)

• Iosif Bena, Pierre Heidmann, David Turton, $AdS_2$ Holography: Mind the Cap, JHEP 1812 (2018) 028 (arXiv:1806.02834)

$AdS_3/CFT_2$ on D1/D5 branes

On AdS3-CFT2 for D1/D5 brane bound states and black hole entropy in string theory:

• Juan Maldacena, Section 4 of: The Large N limit of superconformal field theories and supergravity, Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 2:231, 1998 (hep-th/9711200)

• Ofer Aharony, Steven Gubser, Juan Maldacena, Hirosi Ooguri, Yaron Oz, Section 5 of: Large $N$ Field Theories, String Theory and Gravity, Phys. Rept. 323:183-386, 2000 (arXiv:hep-th/9905111)

• Gautam Mandal, A review of the D1/D5 system and five dimensional black hole from supergravity and brane viewpoint (arXiv:hep-th/0002184)

• Robbert Dijkgraaf, Juan Maldacena, Gregory Moore, Erik Verlinde, A Black Hole Farey Tail (arXiv:hep-th/0005003, spire:526744)

• E. Gava, A.B. Hammou, J.F. Morales, K.S.Narain, AdS/CFT correspondence and D1/D5 systems in theories with 16 supercharges, JHEP 0103:035, 2001 (arXiv:hep-th/0102043)

• Per Kraus, Section 4 of: Lectures on black holes and the $AdS_3/CFT_2$ correspondence, Lect. Notes Phys. 755: 193-247, 2008 (arXiv:hep-th/0609074)